![]() ![]() For the flu shot, two doses of the vaccine instead of one can offer a protection boost, but this benefit is limited to only a few specific groups, such as children or organ transplant recipients. Determining the precise rate of effectiveness can be challenging.įinally, it bears mentioning that the number of doses can also improve effectiveness for some vaccines. It is also worth noting that the flu vaccine’s effectiveness varies from season to season, due to the nature of the flu viruses circulating that year. However, during 2018–2019, it prevented around “4.4 million influenza illnesses, 2.3 million influenza-associated medical visits, 58,000 influenza-associated hospitalizations, and 3,500 influenza-associated deaths.” The popular flu shot, for example, has an effectiveness of 40–60%, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Vaccines do not need to have high effectiveness to save thousands of lives and prevent millions of disease cases. ![]() However, that is not in itself a bad thing. So, while a vaccine can prevent disease in a trial, we might see this effectiveness drop when administered to the wider population. Furthermore, researchers do not normally include certain groups in these studies, such as children or pregnant people. However, the participants chosen for a clinical trial tend to be healthier and younger than those in the general population, and they generally have no underlying conditions. In other words, in a clinical trial, a 90% efficacy means that there are 90% fewer cases of disease in the group receiving the vaccine compared with the placebo group. In contrast, effectiveness refers to how it performs in the real world. Despite news outlets frequently using them interchangeably, efficacy refers to how a vaccine performs under ideal lab conditions, such as those in a clinical trial. efficacy - what is the difference?įirstly, it is worth noting that “effectiveness” and “efficacy” are not the same. ![]()
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